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Although rare, it is possible to be allergic to the cannabis plant, just like other plants and pollens. Medical cannabis has so many therapeutic benefits, with some of its 500+ chemical compounds showing signs of being antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and even anti-cancer agents. It’s why more and more people are seeking this incredible treatment.
With the increasing use of cannabis as a medical treatment for conditions such as anxiety, depression and chronic pain, it’s possible the number of people who are allergic to the plant could increase. We’ll be exploring what it might look like, and what to do if you are one of those few people, below.
Causes of Cannabis Allergy
A cannabis allergy happens pretty much the same way as any other plant allergy. An allergen (allergy-causing substance) can make your body have an abnormal immune reaction.
This abnormal reaction triggers an immune response, where your body creates antibodies. The symptoms that result from these antibodies is what we know as an allergic reaction.
Cannabis allergens can be inhaled, smoked, touched or eaten. And this is important to know, because the method of exposure can change symptoms, and the timing of their onset.
Cannabis shares similar allergenic properties to certain foods. And if you’re allergic to one of these foods, you could also develop a cannabis pollen allergy. This is known as a cross-reaction, and these foods include:
- Almonds
- Apples
- Bananas
- Chestnuts
- Eggplant
- Grapefruit
- Peaches
- Tomatoes
What are Cannabis Allergy Symptoms?
In a 2022 review, it was found that symptoms will usually happen within 30 minutes. But this can vary depending on the person. It also states that the respiratory system and the skin are most affected.
Similarly to a seasonal pollen allergy, the most common cannabis plant allergy symptoms are:
- Dry cough
- Congestion
- Itchy eyes
- Nausea
- Red, itchy, or watery eyes
- Runny nose
- Sneezing
- Itchy or sore throat
The above is nothing too out of the ordinary for an allergic reaction, and probably feels more uncomfortable than anything else. However, touching cannabis can cause slightly worse symptoms. The skin contact can trigger an allergic reaction called contact dermatitis, a skin reaction. Symptoms include:
- Blisters
- Dry skin
- Hives
- Itchiness
- Skin inflammation
It’s very unlikely, but possible for cannabis to cause a severe allergic reaction known as anaphylaxis. Symptoms progress quickly and turn into anaphylactic shock, which can be fatal. Look out for the sudden appearance of:
- Swelling of the face or mouth
- Wheezing
- Fast, shallow breathing
- Fast heart rate
- Clammy skin
- Anxiety or confusion
- Vomiting
- Blue or white lips
- Fainting or loss of consciousness
In the unlikely event you see someone experiencing the above symptoms, check if they have an epinephrine pen. If they do, follow the instructions and use it. Get them to lie down, contact the emergency services and stay with them.
All of the above symptoms can vary from person to person, and just because one person had an allergic reaction to cannabis within 30 minutes of consumption/contact, doesn’t mean the same will apply to you. So, the first time you try medical cannabis, try to monitor your body. See if you notice anything unusual or spot any of these symptoms that might indicate an allergy to the plant. If you do, stop using, and speak to your clinician. They’ll be the best person to advise on what to do next.
Cannabis Allergy Diagnosis
Your clinician will usually be able to tell if your symptoms are the result of an allergy or not. But if they want to double check before continuing with your treatment, or if you’re just curious yourself, you can see an allergist.
Using cannabis extract from the leaves, buds or flowers of the plant, a skin test can be done. There are two forms:
- Patch testing: an adhesive patch with cannabis extract is placed on the skin. A reaction should appear within 48 hours if you’re allergic.
- Skin prick testing: A tiny needle is used to introduce the cannabis extract under the surface of the skin. A reaction can happen in as little as 15 minutes with this method.
The third way to get a cannabis allergy diagnosis is a blood test. It will take the longest amount of time to get these results.
Managing Cannabis Allergy
Unfortunately there’s no treatment for a cannabis allergy. Avoiding or not using it is the only way to completely prevent an allergic reaction to the plant. If you have a medical cannabis prescription with a reputable clinic like Alternaleaf, talk to one of our clinicians. They might be able to determine if it’s a cannabis side effect, or a cannabis allergy. If they suspect it’s an allergy, they may be able to point you in the direction of an allergist who will give you a proper diagnosis. If it’s a cannabis side effect, it may just be a simple case of adjusting your dosage to stop them.
Antihistamines will help you treat symptoms like runny nose and red eyes.
As discussed, people with severe allergies should carry an EpiPen. It’s always better to be on the safe side in case of accidental exposure.
Summary
Most allergic reactions to cannabis are similar to any other type of pollen allergy. Which makes sense because cannabis is a plant, right! Severe reactions are very, very rare.
Unfortunately, if you are one of the unlucky few that are allergic to the cannabis plant, there’s not a lot you can do other than avoid it.
We’re always here to help with any questions you may have, but the best thing to do is speak to your clinician. They’ll be able to discuss what’s best for you and your treatment journey going forward.